Your Guide to Learning Mālikī Fiqh
Pt. 1: On Purification
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I have been teaching this class on fiqh according to the school of Madinah and I’ve decided to post it as a new series of short[er] videos for online learners.
This is Part 1 on Purification. The class is based on the text, al-Muhadhdhab min al-Fiqh al-Mālikī wa Adillatuhu (The Refined Compilation of Mālikī Fiqh and Its Evidences) by al-Imām Muḥammad Sukḥāl al-Majjājī, may Allāh preserve him, with the translation performed myself.
Kitāb al-Ṭahārah – The Book of Purification
The types of purification that are conditional for the validity of the prayer are two:
Ḥadath: is a state of impurity a person inhabits in their entirety when certain acts take place (see list below). The state of ḥadath prohibits one from performing certain acts (i.e., praying) bodily. This state is counteracted by performing wuḍū’ for minor ḥadath/impurity, ghusl for major ḥadath/impurity, or tayammum, which is a temporary substitute when neither of the other two can be performed. The purification of ḥadath is aimed at granting a state of purity.
Khabath: is a type of impurity on objects (i.e., body, clothing, place of prayer) which inhibits the performance of acts of worship (even if one has removed the impurification of ḥadath), such as prayer, until these impurities are removed. The purification of khabath is aimed at the removal of physical impurities (see list below).
Purification is achieved with water that is ṭāhir (pure) in itself and is muṭahhir (a purifying agent). This refers to al-mā’ al-bāqī (water that remains in its original natural state) or al-mutaghayyir bimā lā yanfakku ([water] altered by something inseparable from it), such as the place where it settles or flows, like salt or mughrah (ochre), or by something generated within it, such as algae. Examples of this include rainwater, seawater, and water from wells, springs, and rivers.